{"id":12347,"date":"2015-03-09T11:07:20","date_gmt":"2015-03-09T18:07:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/?p=12347"},"modified":"2016-07-24T03:22:10","modified_gmt":"2016-07-24T10:22:10","slug":"veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/","title":{"rendered":"Veganism – A Life Containing No Logical Contradictions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_72 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Here_we_reflect_on_some_of_our_favorite_early_vegans_%E2%80%A6and_aspiring_vegans_and_some_of_their_writings_publications_where_they_discuss_100_perfectly_consistent_vegetable_diets\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" title=\"Here we reflect on some of our favorite early vegans (…..and aspiring vegans), and some of their writings \/ publications, where they discuss 100% perfectly consistent vegetable diets.\">Here we reflect on some of our favorite early vegans (…..and aspiring vegans), and some of their writings \/ publications, where they discuss 100% perfectly consistent vegetable diets.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Definitions_of_old_terms_are_in_green_%E2%80%93_debate_welcomed\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" title=\"Definitions of old terms are in green\u00a0– debate welcomed!\">Definitions of old terms are in green\u00a0– debate welcomed!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#We_also_share_some_special_items_from_our_Ernest_Bell_Library\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" title=\"We also share some special items from\u00a0our Ernest Bell Library.\">We also share some special items from\u00a0our Ernest Bell Library.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#i\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" title=\".\">.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#1886\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" title=\"1886\">1886<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Henry_S_Salt_%E2%80%93_in_his_essay_Food_Reform_%E2%80%93_Published_Westminster_Review_October_1886\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" title=\"Henry S. Salt – in his essay\u00a0Food Reform –\u00a0Published: Westminster Review, October 1886\">Henry S. Salt – in his essay\u00a0Food Reform –\u00a0Published: Westminster Review, October 1886<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%9CTo_Sylvester_Graham_above_all_others_should_perhaps_be_given_the_place_of_honour_in_the_annals_of_vegetarian_literature_for_his_%E2%80%98Lectures_on_the_Science_of_Human_Life_form_the_text-book_from_which_the_advocates_of_the_reformed_diet_derive_their_most_powerful_arguments%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" title=\"“To Sylvester Graham, above all others, should perhaps be given the place of honour in the annals of vegetarian literature; for his ‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ form the text-book from which the advocates of the reformed diet derive their most powerful arguments.”\u00a0\">“To Sylvester Graham, above all others, should perhaps be given the place of honour in the annals of vegetarian literature; for his ‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ form the text-book from which the advocates of the reformed diet derive their most powerful arguments.”\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#reformed_diet_a_diet_of_vegetable_food\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" title=\"reformed diet\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a diet of vegetable food\">reformed diet\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a diet of vegetable food<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#In_the_same_essay_Henry_S_Salt_himself_clearly_proposes_full_veganism\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" title=\"In the same essay Henry S. Salt himself clearly proposes full veganism.\">In the same essay Henry S. Salt himself clearly proposes full veganism.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%9CThe_moderate_use_of_eggs_milk_butter_cheese_and_some_think_even_of_fish_is_not_necessarily_censurable_and_often_furnishes_a_modus_vivendi_to_would-be_vegetarians_who_cannot_see_their_way_all_at_once_to_the_adoption_of_a_perfectly_consistent_diet%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" title=\"“The moderate use of eggs, milk, butter, cheese, and, some think, even of fish, is not necessarily censurable, and often furnishes a modus vivendi to would-be vegetarians, who cannot see their way all at once to the adoption of a perfectly consistent diet.”\">“The moderate use of eggs, milk, butter, cheese, and, some think, even of fish, is not necessarily censurable, and often furnishes a modus vivendi to would-be vegetarians, who cannot see their way all at once to the adoption of a perfectly consistent diet.”<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#modus_vivendi_a_Latin_phrase_signifying_a_temporary_state_of_living_with_conflicting_values_%E2%80%93_intended_to_be_eventually_replaced_by_a_more_substantial_and_thorough_solution\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" title=\"modus vivendi\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a Latin phrase signifying a\u00a0temporary state of living with conflicting values – intended to be eventually replaced by a more substantial and thorough solution.\">modus vivendi\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a Latin phrase signifying a\u00a0temporary state of living with conflicting values – intended to be eventually replaced by a more substantial and thorough solution.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#consistent_%E2%80%93_an_adjective_of_an_argument_or_set_of_ideas_not_containing_any_logical_contradictions\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" title=\"consistent – an adjective = (of an argument or set of ideas) not containing any logical contradictions.\">consistent – an adjective = (of an argument or set of ideas) not containing any logical contradictions.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#a_perfectly_consistent_diet_Henry_S_Salts_somewhat_cumbersome_title_for_what_we_today_call_vegan_eating_a_diet_containing_no_logical_contradictions\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" title=\"a perfectly consistent diet\u00a0= Henry S. Salt’s somewhat cumbersome title for, what we today call, vegan eating = a diet containing no logical contradictions.\">a perfectly consistent diet\u00a0= Henry S. Salt’s somewhat cumbersome title for, what we today call, vegan eating = a diet containing no logical contradictions.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Henry_S_Salt_1851-1939_%E2%80%93_the_photo_is_from_the_1880s_%E2%80%93_the_original_is_in_our_library\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" title=\"Henry S. Salt (1851-1939) – the photo is from the 1880s – the original is in our library\">Henry S. Salt (1851-1939) – the photo is from the 1880s – the original is in our library<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#i-2\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" title=\".\">.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#1886_again\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" title=\"1886 again\">1886 again<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Dr_Anna_Bonus_Kingsford_MD_%E2%80%93_writing_in_the_Preface_to_her_%E2%80%98Dreams_and_Dreams_Stories_of_1886_%E2%80%93_fully_understanding_the_word_%E2%80%98vegetarian%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" title=\"Dr. Anna Bonus Kingsford\u00a0MD – writing in the Preface to her ‘Dreams and Dreams Stories’ of 1886 – fully understanding the word ‘vegetarian”.\">Dr. Anna Bonus Kingsford\u00a0MD – writing in the Preface to her ‘Dreams and Dreams Stories’ of 1886 – fully understanding the word ‘vegetarian”.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%9CFor_the_past_fifteen_years_I_have_been_an_abstainer_from_fleshmeats_Not_a_vegetarian_because_during_the_whole_that_period_I_have_used_such_animal_products_as_butter_cheese_eggs_and_milk%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" title=\"“For the past fifteen years I have been an abstainer from fleshmeats. Not a vegetarian, because during the whole that period I have used such animal products as butter, cheese, eggs, and milk.”\">“For the past fifteen years I have been an abstainer from fleshmeats. Not a vegetarian, because during the whole that period I have used such animal products as butter, cheese, eggs, and milk.”<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Anna_Kingsford_nee_Bonus_16_September_1846_%E2%80%93_22_February_1888_was_an_English_anti-vivisection_vegetarian_and_womens_rights_campaigner\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" title=\"Anna Kingsford, n\u00e9e Bonus (16 September 1846 \u2013 22 February 1888), was an English anti-vivisection, vegetarian and women’s rights campaigner\">Anna Kingsford, n\u00e9e Bonus (16 September 1846 \u2013 22 February 1888), was an English anti-vivisection, vegetarian and women’s rights campaigner<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Anna_campaigned_for_the_London_Vegetarian_Society_%E2%80%93_but_did_not_consider_herself_a_true_vegetarian_%E2%80%93_because_she_continued_to_eat_foods_containing_eggs_milk\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" title=\"Anna campaigned for the London Vegetarian Society – but did not consider herself a true vegetarian – because she continued to eat foods containing eggs & milk\">Anna campaigned for the London Vegetarian Society – but did not consider herself a true vegetarian – because she continued to eat foods containing eggs & milk<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#i-3\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" title=\".\">.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#1883\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" title=\"1883\">1883<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Francis_W_Newman_was_President_of_the_UK_Vegetarian_Society_for_about_12_years_in_the_1870s_and_80s\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" title=\"Francis W. Newman was President of the UK Vegetarian Society for about 12 years in the 1870s and 80s.\">Francis W. Newman was President of the UK Vegetarian Society for about 12 years in the 1870s and 80s.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_Essays_on_diet_By_Francis_William_Newman\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" title=\"\u00a0Essays on diet : By Francis William Newman\">\u00a0Essays on diet : By Francis William Newman<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#London_Kegan_Paul_Trench_Co_1_Paternoster_Square_1883\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" title=\"London : Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co., 1 Paternoster Square 1883\">London : Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co., 1 Paternoster Square 1883<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#vi2136p_8%C2%B0_%E2%80%93_a_copy_is_in_our_Ernest_Bell_Library\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" title=\"vi,[2],136p. ; 8\u00b0 – a copy is in our Ernest Bell Library\">vi,[2],136p. ; 8\u00b0 – a copy is in our Ernest Bell Library<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Newman_predicting_the_rise_of_veganism_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%98Essays_On_Diet_%E2%80%93_p44\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" title=\"Newman predicting the rise of veganism – ‘Essays On Diet’ –\u00a0p44.\">Newman predicting the rise of veganism – ‘Essays On Diet’ –\u00a0p44.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6undoubtedly_the_pressure_of_dense_population_for_milk_is_an_evil_and_tends_to_the_adulteration_of_the_milk_to_a_deterioration_of_it_by_giving_to_the_cow_whatever_will_increase_its_quantity_and_to_an_enfeebling_of_cows_generally_by_asking_too_much_milk_of_them_and_by_breeding_them_too_quickly_Therefore_I_take_pains_to_make_no_increased_use_of_milk_since_I_am_a_vegetarian_nor_yet_of_eggs_We_have_not_yet_learned_to_get_substitutes_from_oleaginous_nuts_We_are_in_a_state_of_transition_A_future_age_will_look_back_on_this_as_barbarism_yet_we_are_moving_towards_the_higher_and_nobler_development_in_becoming_even_thus_partial_vegetarians\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" title=\"~ ……undoubtedly the pressure of dense population for milk is an evil, and tends to the adulteration of the milk, to a deterioration of it by giving to the cow whatever will increase its quantity, and to an enfeebling of cows generally, by asking too much milk of them, and by breeding them too quickly. Therefore I take pains to make no increased use of milk since I am a vegetarian, nor yet of eggs. We have not yet learned to get substitutes from oleaginous nuts. We are in a state of transition. A future age will look back on this as barbarism; yet we are moving towards the higher and nobler development in becoming even thus partial vegetarians. ~\">~ ……undoubtedly the pressure of dense population for milk is an evil, and tends to the adulteration of the milk, to a deterioration of it by giving to the cow whatever will increase its quantity, and to an enfeebling of cows generally, by asking too much milk of them, and by breeding them too quickly. Therefore I take pains to make no increased use of milk since I am a vegetarian, nor yet of eggs. We have not yet learned to get substitutes from oleaginous nuts. We are in a state of transition. A future age will look back on this as barbarism; yet we are moving towards the higher and nobler development in becoming even thus partial vegetarians. ~<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_%E2%80%9C%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6our_aim_is_not_to_found_a_sect_but_to_influence_a_nation_%E2%80%94_indeed_to_influence_Christian_civilization_and_that_we_ought_more_to_rejoice_in_implanting_our_germs_for_future_expansion_than_in_rearing_sporadic_entire_converts%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_Francis_Newman_%E2%80%93_in_a_letter_to_The_Times_newspaper_%E2%80%93_187_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" title=\"\u00a0“……our aim is not to found a sect but to influence a nation \u2014 indeed, to influence Christian civilization, and that we ought more to rejoice in implanting our germs for future expansion than in rearing sporadic entire converts.” – Francis Newman – in a letter to The Times newspaper – 187? – here.\">\u00a0“……our aim is not to found a sect but to influence a nation \u2014 indeed, to influence Christian civilization, and that we ought more to rejoice in implanting our germs for future expansion than in rearing sporadic entire converts.” – Francis Newman – in a letter to The Times newspaper – 187? – here.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#i-4\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" title=\".\">.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#1871\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" title=\"1871\">1871<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#At_the_UK_Vegetarian_Societys_24th_AGM_on_October_18_1871_Francis_W_Newman_proposed_radical_changes\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" title=\"At the UK Vegetarian Society\u2019s 24th AGM, on October 18, 1871, Francis W. Newman proposed radical changes.\">At the UK Vegetarian Society\u2019s 24th AGM, on October 18, 1871, Francis W. Newman proposed radical changes.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#What_Newman_proposed_was_firstly_to_allow_the_Society_to_enrol_associate_members_based_on_four_categories_of_pledges\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" title=\"What Newman proposed was firstly to allow the Society to enrol associate members, based on four categories of pledges:\">What Newman proposed was firstly to allow the Society to enrol associate members, based on four categories of pledges:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_1_to_feed_on_the_fruits_of_the_earth_only_pure_vegetariandietary_vegan\" title=\". \n1. to feed on the fruits of the earth only [pure vegetarian\/dietary vegan]\">. \n1. to feed on the fruits of the earth only [pure vegetarian\/dietary vegan]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_2_to_avoid_the_flesh_of_animals_killed_for_food_ovo-lacto-vegetarian\" title=\". \n2. to avoid the flesh of animals killed for food [ovo-lacto-vegetarian]\">. \n2. to avoid the flesh of animals killed for food [ovo-lacto-vegetarian]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_3_to_avoid_all_flesh_of_land_animals_and_birds_pescetarianpiscerian_%E2%80%93_fish_eater\" title=\". \n3. to avoid all flesh of land animals and birds [pescetarian\/piscerian \u2013 fish eater]\">. \n3. to avoid all flesh of land animals and birds [pescetarian\/piscerian \u2013 fish eater]<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_4_to_avoid_flesh-meat_so_far_as_circumstances_permit_flexitarian_or_meat-reducer_%E2%80%93_go_deeper_into_this_topic_here\" title=\". \n4. to avoid flesh-meat so far as circumstances permit. [flexitarian or meat-reducer] – go deeper into this topic here.\">. \n4. to avoid flesh-meat so far as circumstances permit. [flexitarian or meat-reducer] – go deeper into this topic here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Newmans_proposals_were_voted_down\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" title=\"Newman’s proposals were voted down!\">Newman’s proposals were voted down!<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%98The_Dietetic_Reformer_Vegetarian_Messenger_%E2%80%93_January_1872_to_December_1885_%E2%80%93_168_monthly_issues_%E2%80%93_14_complete_years\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" title=\"‘The Dietetic Reformer & Vegetarian Messenger’ – January 1872 to December 1885 – 168 monthly issues – 14 complete years\">‘The Dietetic Reformer & Vegetarian Messenger’ – January 1872 to December 1885 – 168 monthly issues – 14 complete years<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#The_%E2%80%98Ernest_Bell_Library_is_looking_after_these\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" title=\"The ‘Ernest Bell Library’ is looking after these\">The ‘Ernest Bell Library’ is looking after these<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#They_contain_details_of_Francis_W_Newmans_work_efforts_much_more\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" title=\"They contain details of Francis W. Newman’s work \/ efforts & much more\">They contain details of Francis W. Newman’s work \/ efforts & much more<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#i-5\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" title=\".\">.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#1839\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" title=\"1839\">1839<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#In_1839_Graham_published_his_major_work_%E2%80%9CLectures_on_the_Science_of_Human_Life%E2%80%9D_This_had_a_series_of_numbered_paragraphs_and_1291_says\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" title=\"In 1839 Graham published his major work \u201cLectures on the Science of Human Life\u201d. This had a series of numbered paragraphs, and #1291 says:\">In 1839 Graham published his major work \u201cLectures on the Science of Human Life\u201d. This had a series of numbered paragraphs, and #1291 says:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%9C%E2%80%A6though_they_do_better_on_a_milk_and_vegetable_diet_than_one_of_flesh_and_vegetables_yet_they_do_best_when_they_confine_themselves_to_a_diet_of_pure_vegetable_food_and_pure_water%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" title=\"“…though they do better on a milk and vegetable diet than one of flesh and vegetables, yet they do best when they confine themselves to a diet of pure vegetable food and pure water.”\">“…though they do better on a milk and vegetable diet than one of flesh and vegetables, yet they do best when they confine themselves to a diet of pure vegetable food and pure water.”<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#This_came_to_the_attention_of_William_Horsell_secretary_of_the_first_Vegetarian_Society_founded_in_England_in_1847_Horsell_was_also_a_publisher_and_in_1849_he_brought_Grahams_book_to_the_much_larger_number_British_vegetarians_where_it_made_a_significant_impact_%E2%80%93_more\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" title=\"This came to the attention of William Horsell, secretary of the first Vegetarian Society, founded in England in 1847. Horsell was also a publisher and in 1849 he brought Graham\u2019s book to the much larger number British vegetarians, where it made a significant impact. – more.\">This came to the attention of William Horsell, secretary of the first Vegetarian Society, founded in England in 1847. Horsell was also a publisher and in 1849 he brought Graham\u2019s book to the much larger number British vegetarians, where it made a significant impact. – more.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%98Lectures_on_the_Science_of_Human_Life_by_Sylvester_Graham\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" title=\"‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ by Sylvester Graham\">‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ by Sylvester Graham<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#William_Metcalfes_signed_copies_of_the_1st_Edition\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" title=\"William Metcalfe’s signed copies of the 1st Edition\">William Metcalfe’s signed copies of the 1st Edition<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#A_note_from_the_US_dealer_who_sold_these_2_books_to_us_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" title=\"A note from the US dealer who sold these 2 books to us –\">A note from the US dealer who sold these 2 books to us –<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_I_purchased_them_from_an_auction_in_Pennsylvania_There_were_many_other_medical_related_items_in_the_auction_lot_even_a_very_old_doctors_bag_I_can_only_guess_there_was_a_physician_in_the_family_Wish_I_could_tell_you_more\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" title=\"~ I purchased them from an auction in Pennsylvania. There were many other medical related items in the auction lot, even a very old doctor’s bag. I can only guess there was a physician in the family. Wish I could tell you more. ~\">~ I purchased them from an auction in Pennsylvania. There were many other medical related items in the auction lot, even a very old doctor’s bag. I can only guess there was a physician in the family. Wish I could tell you more. ~<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#i-6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" title=\".\">.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#1830s_to_early_1860s\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" title=\"1830s to early 1860s\">1830s to early 1860s<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Links_to_more_about_%E2%80%93_Sylvester_Graham_William_Metcalfe_who_ingested_eggs_milk_honey_some_UK_based_vegans\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" title=\"Links to more about – Sylvester Graham, William Metcalfe (who\u00a0ingested eggs, milk & honey) & some\u00a0UK based vegans\">Links to more about – Sylvester Graham, William Metcalfe (who\u00a0ingested eggs, milk & honey) & some\u00a0UK based vegans<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Sylvester_Graham_%E2%80%9CMr_Graham_in_his_Science_of_Human_Life_has_been_the_leading_advocate_of_the_adoption_of_the_Vegetarian_system_in_dependence_upon_fruits_farinaceous_starchy_substances_and_vegetable_products_alone_without_the_addition_of_animal_substances_such_as_milk_butter_eggs_or_cheese_%E2%80%9D_%E2%80%93_source\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" title=\"Sylvester Graham:\u00a0\u201cMr. Graham, in his Science of Human Life, has been the leading advocate of the adoption of the Vegetarian system in dependence upon fruits, farinaceous [starchy] substances, and vegetable products alone, without the addition of animal substances, such as milk, butter, eggs, or cheese . . .\u201d ~ – source.\">Sylvester Graham:\u00a0\u201cMr. Graham, in his Science of Human Life, has been the leading advocate of the adoption of the Vegetarian system in dependence upon fruits, farinaceous [starchy] substances, and vegetable products alone, without the addition of animal substances, such as milk, butter, eggs, or cheese . . .\u201d ~ – source.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#William_Metcalfe_writing_to_Joel_Shew_%E2%80%93_proposing_that_there_be_an_American_Vegetarian_Society_The_original_1849_printed_version_of_the_letter_is_in_our_Ernest_Bell_Library_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" title=\"William Metcalfe writing to Joel Shew – proposing that there be an American Vegetarian Society. The original 1849 printed version of the letter is in our Ernest Bell Library – here.\">William Metcalfe writing to Joel Shew – proposing that there be an American Vegetarian Society. The original 1849 printed version of the letter is in our Ernest Bell Library – here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#The_inaugural_meeting_of_The_American_Vegetarian_Society_of_Wednesday_15th_Thursday_16th_May_1850_Reported_in_the_%E2%80%93_Daily_Evening_Transcript_Boston_Massachusetts_Monday_May_20_1850_The_original_1850_newspaper_is_in_our_Ernest_Bell_Library_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" title=\"The inaugural meeting of The American Vegetarian Society of Wednesday 15th & Thursday 16th May 1850! Reported in the –\u00a0Daily Evening Transcript ~ Boston, Massachusetts ~ Monday, May 20, 1850.\u00a0The original 1850 newspaper is in our Ernest Bell Library – here.\">The inaugural meeting of The American Vegetarian Society of Wednesday 15th & Thursday 16th May 1850! Reported in the –\u00a0Daily Evening Transcript ~ Boston, Massachusetts ~ Monday, May 20, 1850.\u00a0The original 1850 newspaper is in our Ernest Bell Library – here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Asenath_Nicholson_%E2%80%93_Norman_Nicholson_%E2%80%93_Roswell_Goss_%E2%80%93_they_were_running_%E2%80%98vegan_guesthouses_in_New_York_in_the_1830s_1840s_%E2%80%93_inspired_by_Sylvester_Graham_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6_much_more_%E2%80%93_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" title=\"Asenath Nicholson – Norman Nicholson – Roswell Goss – they were running ‘vegan’ guesthouses in New York in the 1830s & 1840s – inspired by Sylvester Graham – ……& much more – here.\">Asenath Nicholson – Norman Nicholson – Roswell Goss – they were running ‘vegan’ guesthouses in New York in the 1830s & 1840s – inspired by Sylvester Graham – ……& much more – here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#William_Horsell_was_the_vegan_secretary_of_the_first_Vegetarian_Society_founded_in_England_in_1847_Horsell_was_also_a_publisher_and_in_1849_he_brought_Grahams_book_%E2%80%93_%E2%80%98Lectures_on_the_Science_of_Human_Life_%E2%80%93_to_the_much_larger_number_British_vegetarians_where_it_made_a_significant_impact_%E2%80%93_more_here\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" title=\"William Horsell was the vegan secretary of the first Vegetarian Society, founded in England in 1847. Horsell was also a publisher and in 1849 he brought Graham\u2019s book –\u00a0‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ – to the much larger number British vegetarians, where it made a significant impact – more here.\">William Horsell was the vegan secretary of the first Vegetarian Society, founded in England in 1847. Horsell was also a publisher and in 1849 he brought Graham\u2019s book –\u00a0‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ – to the much larger number British vegetarians, where it made a significant impact – more here.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" title=\"…………………………………………………………………………………\">…………………………………………………………………………………<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Our_Projects\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" title=\"Our Projects\">Our Projects<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#The_Henry_Salt_Archive_is_one_of_our_almost_completed_projects\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" title=\"The Henry Salt Archive is one of our, almost completed, projects.\">The Henry Salt Archive is one of our, almost completed, projects.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#The_Humanitarian_League_is_our_Hong_Kong_registered_charity\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" title=\"The Humanitarian League is our Hong Kong registered charity.\">The Humanitarian League is our Hong Kong registered charity.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#The_Ernest_Bell_Library_was_conceived_in_1934_It_is_still_strong_active_eighty_years_later_%E2%80%93_its_primary_objectives_are_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" title=\"The Ernest Bell Library\u00a0was conceived in 1934.\u00a0It is still strong & active eighty years later \u2013\u00a0\u00a0its primary objectives are to: \u2013\">The Ernest Bell Library\u00a0was conceived in 1934.\u00a0It is still strong & active eighty years later \u2013\u00a0\u00a0its primary objectives are to: \u2013<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Collect_all_of_Ernest_Bells_book_non-book_works_and_make_them_easily_accessible_to_everyone\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" title=\"Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book & non-book works and make them easily accessible to everyone.\">Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book & non-book works and make them easily accessible to everyone.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Collect_the_literature_of_vegetarianism_and_all_the_other_humanitarian_movements_in_which_Ernest_Bell_was_so_deeply_involved\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" title=\"Collect the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Ernest Bell was so deeply involved.\">Collect the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Ernest Bell was so deeply involved.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Assist_students_and_scholars_in_their_research\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" title=\"Assist students and scholars in their research.\">Assist students and scholars in their research.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Introduce_all_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_including_his_writings_campaign_work_influences_and_his_circle_of_friends\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" title=\"Introduce all aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life, including his writings, campaign work, influences and his circle of friends.\">Introduce all aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life, including his writings, campaign work, influences and his circle of friends.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Undertake_our_own_research_into_missing_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_and_work\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" title=\"Undertake our own research into missing aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life and work.\">Undertake our own research into missing aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life and work.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#We_already_have_more_than_300_pieces_of_Ernest_Bells_own_writings\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" title=\"We already have more than 300 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings.\">We already have more than 300 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#We_have_a_passion_for_sharing_excellent_quality_vegan_articles_items_%E2%80%93_making_them_easily_available_to_21st_C_folk\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" title=\"We have\u00a0a passion for sharing excellent quality vegan articles \/ items \u2013 making them easily available to 21st C folk.\">We have\u00a0a passion for sharing excellent quality vegan articles \/ items \u2013 making them easily available to 21st C folk.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Most_early_books_magazines_on_veganism_were_originally_only_published_in_the_hundreds_or_in_the_low-thousands_of_copies\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" title=\"Most early books & magazines on veganism were originally only published in the hundreds or in the low-thousands of copies.\">Most early books & magazines on veganism were originally only published in the hundreds or in the low-thousands of copies.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Wars_weather_insects_careless_humans_etc_have_combined_to_make_many_of_them_very_hard_to_find\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" title=\"Wars, weather, insects, careless humans, etc. have combined to make many of them very hard to find.\">Wars, weather, insects, careless humans, etc. have combined to make many of them very hard to find.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#We_are_actively_building_a_collection_of_examples_of_promotional_material_campaign_material_fundraising_marketing_activities_etc_%E2%80%93_related_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" title=\"We are actively building a collection of examples of promotional material, campaign material, fundraising & marketing activities etc. \u2013 related to: \u2013\">We are actively building a collection of examples of promotional material, campaign material, fundraising & marketing activities etc. \u2013 related to: \u2013<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#vegetarian_products\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" title=\"veg(etari)an\u00a0products.\">veg(etari)an\u00a0products.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#vegetarian_books_other_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" title=\"veg(etari)an books & other publications.\">veg(etari)an books & other publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#vegetarian_organizations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" title=\"veg(etari)an\u00a0organizations.\">veg(etari)an\u00a0organizations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#vegetarian_businesses\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" title=\"veg(etari)an\u00a0businesses.\">veg(etari)an\u00a0businesses.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#animal_rights_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" title=\"animal rights organisations.\">animal rights organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#animal_rights_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" title=\"animal rights publications.\">animal rights publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#humanitarian_organisations\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" title=\"humanitarian organisations.\">humanitarian organisations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#humanitarian_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" title=\"humanitarian publications.\">humanitarian publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#rambling_clubs_run_by_members_of_the_above_groups_related_publications\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" title=\"rambling clubs run by members of the above groups & related publications.\">rambling clubs run by members of the above groups & related publications.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#the_work_of_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_the_%E2%80%98Men_of_the_Trees_organization_its_many_sub-branches\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" title=\"the work of Richard St. Barbe Baker & the \u2018Men of the Trees\u2019 organization & its many sub-branches.\">the work of Richard St. Barbe Baker & the \u2018Men of the Trees\u2019 organization & its many sub-branches.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#There_are_currently_more_than_2800_items_in_the_Ernest_Bell_Library\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" title=\"There are currently more than 2,800 items in the Ernest Bell Library.\">There are currently more than 2,800 items in the Ernest Bell Library.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#We_will_complete_the_cataloging_of_the_collection_as_when_adequate_funds_are_available\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" title=\"We will complete the\u00a0cataloging of the collection as & when adequate funds are available.\">We will complete the\u00a0cataloging of the collection as & when adequate funds are available.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#It_is_long_past_time_for_the_library_to_go_online\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" title=\"It is long past time for the library to go online!\">It is long past time for the library to go online!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#_%E2%80%9CI_have_little_doubt_that_the_proposal_for_the_establishment_of_an_Ernest_Bell_Library_which_would_specialize_in_humanitarian_and_progressive_literature_and_so_form_a_sort_of_centre_for_students_will_meet_with_a_wide_response%E2%80%9D\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" title=\"\u00a0\u201cI have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library,\u00a0which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature,\u00a0and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.\u201d\u00a0\">\u00a0\u201cI have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library,\u00a0which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature,\u00a0and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.\u201d\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Henry_S_Salt_%E2%80%93_writing_in_September_1934\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" title=\"Henry S. Salt \u2013 writing in September 1934\">Henry S. Salt \u2013 writing in September 1934<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" title=\"\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#If_anyone_would_like_more_information_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" title=\"If anyone would like more information, please send an email to:\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\">If anyone would like more information, please send an email to:\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" title=\"humanitarianleague (at) outlook (dot) com\u00a0\">humanitarianleague (at) outlook (dot) com\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" title=\"– or message me \u00a0through\u00a0HappyCow\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\">– or message me \u00a0through\u00a0HappyCow\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#https_wwwhappycownetblogauthorJohnnySensible_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\" title=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/ \n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u00a0\">https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/ \n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#If_you_are_a_Tweeter_please_consider_sending_this_post_out_to_your_friends\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" title=\"If you are a Tweeter, please consider sending this post out to your friends.\">If you are a Tweeter, please consider sending this post out to your friends.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#Thank_you\" class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" title=\"Thank you!\u00a0\">Thank you!\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Here_we_reflect_on_some_of_our_favorite_early_vegans_%E2%80%A6and_aspiring_vegans_and_some_of_their_writings_publications_where_they_discuss_100_perfectly_consistent_vegetable_diets\"><\/span>Here we reflect on some of our favorite early vegans (…..and aspiring vegans), and some of their writings \/ publications, where they discuss 100% perfectly consistent vegetable diets.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definitions_of_old_terms_are_in_green_%E2%80%93_debate_welcomed\"><\/span>Definitions of old terms are in <span style=\"color: #008000;\">green<\/span>\u00a0– debate welcomed!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4>We also share some special items from\u00a0our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" title=\"During the past 12 months The Ernest Bell Library has been given \/ has purchased more that 200 of the items on our main \u2018Search List\u2019 & has \u2018found\u2019 another 300+ items previously \u2018unknown to us\u2019.\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ernest Bell Library<\/span><\/a>.<\/h4>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1886\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1886<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">Henry S. Salt – in his essay\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/bibliography\/essays\/food-reform\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"......most Englishmen still remain in ignorance not only of the advantages of the bread, but of the far greater merits of the \u201cScience of Human Life.\u201d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Food Reform<\/a><\/span> –\u00a0Published: Westminster Review, October 1886<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CTo_Sylvester_Graham_above_all_others_should_perhaps_be_given_the_place_of_honour_in_the_annals_of_vegetarian_literature_for_his_%E2%80%98Lectures_on_the_Science_of_Human_Life_form_the_text-book_from_which_the_advocates_of_the_reformed_diet_derive_their_most_powerful_arguments%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">“To Sylvester Graham, above all others, should perhaps be given the place of honour in the annals of vegetarian literature; for his ‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ form the text-book from which the advocates of the reformed diet derive their most powerful arguments.”\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"reformed_diet_a_diet_of_vegetable_food\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>reformed diet\u00a0<\/em>=\u00a0\u00a0a diet of vegetable food<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_the_same_essay_Henry_S_Salt_himself_clearly_proposes_full_veganism\"><\/span>In the same essay Henry S. Salt himself clearly proposes full veganism.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CThe_moderate_use_of_eggs_milk_butter_cheese_and_some_think_even_of_fish_is_not_necessarily_censurable_and_often_furnishes_a_modus_vivendi_to_would-be_vegetarians_who_cannot_see_their_way_all_at_once_to_the_adoption_of_a_perfectly_consistent_diet%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">“The moderate use of eggs, milk, butter, cheese, and, some think, even of fish, is not necessarily censurable, and often furnishes a <em>modus vivendi<\/em> to would-be vegetarians, who cannot see their way all at once to the adoption of a perfectly consistent diet.”<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"modus_vivendi_a_Latin_phrase_signifying_a_temporary_state_of_living_with_conflicting_values_%E2%80%93_intended_to_be_eventually_replaced_by_a_more_substantial_and_thorough_solution\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>modus vivendi\u00a0<\/em>=\u00a0\u00a0a Latin phrase signifying a\u00a0temporary state of living with conflicting values – intended to be eventually replaced by a more substantial and thorough solution.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"consistent_%E2%80%93_an_adjective_of_an_argument_or_set_of_ideas_not_containing_any_logical_contradictions\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>consistent<\/em> – an adjective = (of an argument or set of ideas) not containing any logical contradictions.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"a_perfectly_consistent_diet_Henry_S_Salts_somewhat_cumbersome_title_for_what_we_today_call_vegan_eating_a_diet_containing_no_logical_contradictions\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>a perfectly consistent diet<\/em>\u00a0= Henry S. Salt’s somewhat cumbersome title for, what we today call, vegan eating = a diet containing no logical contradictions.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/HSS.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12356 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/HSS.jpg\" alt=\"HSS\" width=\"581\" height=\"806\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/HSS.jpg 581w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/HSS-216x300.jpg 216w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Henry_S_Salt_1851-1939_%E2%80%93_the_photo_is_from_the_1880s_%E2%80%93_the_original_is_in_our_library\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Henry S. Salt (1851-1939) – the photo is from the 1880s – the original is in our library<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-2\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1886_again\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1886 again<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivu.org\/history\/kingsford\/commemoration.html\" title=\"......it was a significant fact, throughout the whole of the impressive service, that those allusions to and quotations from her writings expressive of that splendid humanitarian enthusiasm by which she was actuated, and the intelligent and profound grasp of the true spirit of Vegetarianism that she always evinced, were just those points that moved the audience to break through what may well be supposed to have been to many the solemn restrictions of such a service......\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Dr. Anna Bonus Kingsford<\/span><\/a>\u00a0MD – writing in the Preface to her ‘Dreams and Dreams Stories’ of 1886 – fully understanding the word ‘vegetarian”.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CFor_the_past_fifteen_years_I_have_been_an_abstainer_from_fleshmeats_Not_a_vegetarian_because_during_the_whole_that_period_I_have_used_such_animal_products_as_butter_cheese_eggs_and_milk%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">“For the past fifteen years I have been an abstainer from fleshmeats. Not a vegetarian, because during the whole that period I have used such animal products as butter, cheese, eggs, and milk.”<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Anna.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12355 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Anna.jpg\" alt=\"Anna\" width=\"582\" height=\"688\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Anna.jpg 582w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Anna-254x300.jpg 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anna_Kingsford_nee_Bonus_16_September_1846_%E2%80%93_22_February_1888_was_an_English_anti-vivisection_vegetarian_and_womens_rights_campaigner\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Anna Kingsford, n\u00e9e Bonus (16 September 1846 \u2013 22 February 1888), was an English anti-vivisection, vegetarian and women’s rights campaigner<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anna_campaigned_for_the_London_Vegetarian_Society_%E2%80%93_but_did_not_consider_herself_a_true_vegetarian_%E2%80%93_because_she_continued_to_eat_foods_containing_eggs_milk\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Anna campaigned for the London Vegetarian Society – but did not consider herself a true vegetarian – because she continued to eat foods containing eggs & milk<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-3\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1883\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1883<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Francis_W_Newman_was_President_of_the_UK_Vegetarian_Society_for_about_12_years_in_the_1870s_and_80s\"><\/span>Francis W. Newman was President of the UK Vegetarian Society for about 12 years in the 1870s and 80s.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/essaysondiet00newmgoog_0008.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12379 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/essaysondiet00newmgoog_0008.jpg\" alt=\"essaysondiet00newmgoog_0008\" width=\"580\" height=\"856\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/essaysondiet00newmgoog_0008.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/essaysondiet00newmgoog_0008-203x300.jpg 203w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Essays_on_diet_By_Francis_William_Newman\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\u00a0Essays on diet : By Francis William Newman<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"London_Kegan_Paul_Trench_Co_1_Paternoster_Square_1883\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">London : Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co., 1 Paternoster Square 1883<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vi2136p_8%C2%B0_%E2%80%93_a_copy_is_in_our_Ernest_Bell_Library\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\"> vi,[2],136p. ; 8\u00b0 – a copy is in our Ernest Bell Library<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">Newman predicting the rise of veganism – ‘Essays On Diet’ –\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/essaysondiet00newmgoog#page\/n56\/mode\/2up\" title=\"Essays on diet : By Francis William Newman - London : Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co., 1 Paternoster Square 1883\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">p44<\/a>.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6undoubtedly_the_pressure_of_dense_population_for_milk_is_an_evil_and_tends_to_the_adulteration_of_the_milk_to_a_deterioration_of_it_by_giving_to_the_cow_whatever_will_increase_its_quantity_and_to_an_enfeebling_of_cows_generally_by_asking_too_much_milk_of_them_and_by_breeding_them_too_quickly_Therefore_I_take_pains_to_make_no_increased_use_of_milk_since_I_am_a_vegetarian_nor_yet_of_eggs_We_have_not_yet_learned_to_get_substitutes_from_oleaginous_nuts_We_are_in_a_state_of_transition_A_future_age_will_look_back_on_this_as_barbarism_yet_we_are_moving_towards_the_higher_and_nobler_development_in_becoming_even_thus_partial_vegetarians\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">~ ……undoubtedly the pressure of dense population for milk is an evil, and tends to the adulteration of the milk, to a deterioration of it by giving to the cow whatever will increase its quantity, and to an enfeebling of cows generally, by asking too much milk of them, and by breeding them too quickly. Therefore I take pains to make no increased use of milk since I am a vegetarian, nor yet of eggs. We have not yet learned to get substitutes from oleaginous nuts. We are in a state of transition. A future age will look back on this as barbarism; yet we are moving towards the higher and nobler development in becoming even thus partial vegetarians. ~<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/newman.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12374 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/newman.jpg\" alt=\"newman\" width=\"580\" height=\"953\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/newman.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/newman-183x300.jpg 183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\u00a0“……our aim is not to found a sect but to influence a nation \u2014 indeed, to influence Christian civilization, and that we ought more to rejoice in implanting our germs for future expansion than in rearing sporadic entire converts.” – Francis Newman – in a letter to <em>The Times<\/em> newspaper – 187? – <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fwnewman.org\/Library\/Letters\/From\/Vegetarianism.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Our society began in 1847. It was at first like a single congregation. A few years back enumeration showed that in the previous ten years it had multiplied both numbers and funds by ten \u2014 of course, least in those classes which feel bound to give dinner parties. They will be last converted. 2.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-4\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1871\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1871<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4>At the UK Vegetarian Society\u2019s 24th AGM, on October 18, 1871, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vegsource.com\/john-davis\/prof-francis-w-newman-and-the-attempted-vegan-revolution-of-1871.html\" title=\"Francis Newman was President of the Vegetarian Society (the original one in England) for about 12 years in the 1870s and 80s, and almost brought a dramatic change to the course of its history \u2013 if he had succeeded, the word \u2018vegan\u2019 would probably never have been invented all those years later.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">Francis W. Newman<\/a> proposed radical changes.<\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Newman_proposed_was_firstly_to_allow_the_Society_to_enrol_associate_members_based_on_four_categories_of_pledges\"><\/span>What Newman proposed was firstly to allow the Society to enrol associate members, based on four categories of pledges:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_1_to_feed_on_the_fruits_of_the_earth_only_pure_vegetariandietary_vegan\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><br \/>\n1. to feed on the fruits of the earth only [pure vegetarian\/dietary vegan]<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_2_to_avoid_the_flesh_of_animals_killed_for_food_ovo-lacto-vegetarian\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><br \/>\n2. to avoid the flesh of animals killed for food [ovo-lacto-vegetarian]<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_3_to_avoid_all_flesh_of_land_animals_and_birds_pescetarianpiscerian_%E2%80%93_fish_eater\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><br \/>\n3. to avoid all flesh of land animals and birds [pescetarian\/piscerian \u2013 fish eater]<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><br \/>\n4. to avoid flesh-meat so far as circumstances permit. [flexitarian or meat-reducer] – <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vegsource.com\/john-davis\/prof-francis-w-newman-and-the-attempted-vegan-revolution-of-1871.html\" title=\"......he also wanted to change the name of the Society to the \u2018Dietetic Reform Society\u2019. \" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">go deeper into this topic here<\/span><\/a>.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Newmans_proposals_were_voted_down\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Newman’s proposals were voted down!<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/1872.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12354 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/1872.jpg\" alt=\"1872\" width=\"581\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/1872.jpg 581w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/1872-300x282.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98The_Dietetic_Reformer_Vegetarian_Messenger_%E2%80%93_January_1872_to_December_1885_%E2%80%93_168_monthly_issues_%E2%80%93_14_complete_years\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">‘The Dietetic Reformer & Vegetarian Messenger’ – January 1872 to December 1885 – 168 monthly issues – 14 complete years<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_%E2%80%98Ernest_Bell_Library_is_looking_after_these\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">The ‘Ernest Bell Library’ is looking after these<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"They_contain_details_of_Francis_W_Newmans_work_efforts_much_more\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">They contain details of Francis W. Newman’s work \/ efforts & much more<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-5\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1839\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1839<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_1839_Graham_published_his_major_work_%E2%80%9CLectures_on_the_Science_of_Human_Life%E2%80%9D_This_had_a_series_of_numbered_paragraphs_and_1291_says\"><\/span>In 1839 Graham published his major work \u201cLectures on the Science of Human Life\u201d. This had a series of numbered paragraphs, and #1291 says:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9C%E2%80%A6though_they_do_better_on_a_milk_and_vegetable_diet_than_one_of_flesh_and_vegetables_yet_they_do_best_when_they_confine_themselves_to_a_diet_of_pure_vegetable_food_and_pure_water%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">“…though they do better on a milk and vegetable diet than one of flesh and vegetables, yet they do best when they confine themselves to a diet of pure vegetable food and pure water.”<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">This came to the attention of William Horsell, secretary of the first Vegetarian Society, founded in England in 1847. Horsell was also a publisher and in 1849 he brought Graham\u2019s book to the much larger number British vegetarians, where it made a significant impact. – <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vegsource.com\/john-davis\/sylvester-graham---the-original-american-vegan-baker.html\" title=\"In 1839 Graham published his major work \u201cLectures on the Science of Human Life\u201d.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">more<\/a>.<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science1.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-large wp-image-12348 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science1-574x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Science1\" width=\"574\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science1-574x1024.jpg 574w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science1-168x300.jpg 168w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science1.jpg 581w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science2.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-12349 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science2.jpg\" alt=\"Science2\" width=\"582\" height=\"1008\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science2.jpg 582w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Science2-173x300.jpg 173w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%98Lectures_on_the_Science_of_Human_Life_by_Sylvester_Graham\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ by Sylvester Graham<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"William_Metcalfes_signed_copies_of_the_1st_Edition\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">William Metcalfe’s signed copies of the 1st Edition<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_note_from_the_US_dealer_who_sold_these_2_books_to_us_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>A note from the US dealer who sold these 2 books to us –<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_I_purchased_them_from_an_auction_in_Pennsylvania_There_were_many_other_medical_related_items_in_the_auction_lot_even_a_very_old_doctors_bag_I_can_only_guess_there_was_a_physician_in_the_family_Wish_I_could_tell_you_more\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">~ I purchased them from an auction in Pennsylvania. There were many other medical related items in the auction lot, even a very old doctor’s bag. I can only guess there was a physician in the family. Wish I could tell you more. ~<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"i-6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1830s_to_early_1860s\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1830s to early 1860s<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Links_to_more_about_%E2%80%93_Sylvester_Graham_William_Metcalfe_who_ingested_eggs_milk_honey_some_UK_based_vegans\"><\/span>Links to more about – Sylvester Graham, William Metcalfe (who\u00a0ingested eggs, milk & honey) & some\u00a0UK based vegans<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"text_exposed_show\">Sylvester Graham:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"text_exposed_show\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u201cMr. Graham, in his Science of Human Life, has been the leading advocate of the adoption of the Vegetarian system in dependence upon fruits, farinaceous [starchy] substances, and vegetable products alone, without the addition of animal substances, such as milk, butter, eggs, or cheese . . .\u201d <span style=\"color: #000000;\">~<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> –<\/span> <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.vegsource.com\/john-davis\/sylvester-graham---the-original-american-vegan-baker.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"......the only organization in North America promoting the \u2018vegetable diet\u2019 was the Bible Christian Church in Philadelphia, where members of the BCC from England, led by William Metcalfe, had migrated in 1817. Graham didn\u2019t join their church, but he did adopt their diet, with reservations about their use of eggs and dairy products.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">s<\/a><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.vegsource.com\/john-davis\/sylvester-graham---the-original-american-vegan-baker.html\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"......the only organization in North America promoting the \u2018vegetable diet\u2019 was the Bible Christian Church in Philadelphia, where members of the BCC from England, led by William Metcalfe, had migrated in 1817. Graham didn\u2019t join their church, but he did adopt their diet, with reservations about their use of eggs and dairy products.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">ource<\/a><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>William Metcalfe writing to Joel Shew – proposing that there be an American Vegetarian Society. The original 1849 printed version of the letter is in our Ernest Bell Library – <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/advocates-of-vegetative-food-organize-an-american-vegetarian-society\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Could not preliminary arrangements be made, and circulars subsequently addressed to all the known advocates of vegetative food throughout the length and breadth of the land, inviting them to assemble in convention at a certain time and place agreed on, and then and there organize an 'American Vegetarian Society'? \" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>The inaugural meeting of The American Vegetarian Society of Wednesday 15th & Thursday 16th May 1850! Reported in the –\u00a0Daily Evening Transcript ~ Boston, Massachusetts ~ Monday, May 20, 1850.\u00a0The original 1850 newspaper is in our Ernest Bell Library – <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/amvegsoc1850\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The leaders appear to have been Sylvester Graham, the bran-bread man, Dr. Alcott, who presided, Dr. Joel Shew and Rev Messrs Metcalf and Wellington. \" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Asenath Nicholson – Norman Nicholson – Roswell Goss – they were running ‘vegan’ guesthouses in New York in the 1830s & 1840s – inspired by Sylvester Graham – ……& much more – <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/asenath-nicholson-vegan-in-the-1830s-missionary-philanthropist-and-traveler\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Its apartments are convenient and neat, while its table is supplied with the best Vegetables & Fruits that can be procured, excluding entirely Animal Food and stimulants of all kinds.\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>William Horsell was the vegan secretary of the first Vegetarian Society, founded in England in 1847. Horsell was also a publisher and in 1849 he brought Graham\u2019s book –\u00a0‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ – to the much larger number British vegetarians, where it made a significant impact – more <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/london-vegans-meeting-in-1856-elizabeth-and-william-horsell-plus-many-of-their-friends\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"In the late 1840s & the 1850s, vegan pioneers Elizabeth and William Horsell, actively leafleted London & farther afield, broadcasting the clear message that: \u2013 ~ \u2026.it was not enough that one should give up the use of flesh, one should become a whole, and not a half person, and give up the use of tea, coffee, cheese, eggs, and milk. ~\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/span>.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">…………………………………………………………………………………<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Our_Projects\"><\/span>Our Projects<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.henrysalt.co.uk\/info\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"The Henry S. Salt Archive is run and maintained by the site editors on the behalf of its patrons. However, we welcome and encourage anyone interested in the project to contribute.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external nofollow\">The Henry Salt Archive<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/span> is one of our, almost completed, projects.<\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/reviews\/the-humanitarian-league-kowloon-39395\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Operating in Hong Kong alongside 'The Ernest Bell Memorial Library.' Republishing classic humanitarian books & pamphlets. The Humanitarian League has been established to enforce the principle that it is iniquitous to inflict avoidable suffering on any sentient being. \" target=\"_blank\">The Humanitarian League<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span> is our Hong Kong registered charity.<\/h4>\n<div>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\""I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response." - Henry S. Salt\" target=\"_blank\">The Ernest Bell Library<\/a><\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>was conceived in 1934.\u00a0It is still strong & active eighty years later \u2013\u00a0\u00a0its primary objectives are to: \u2013<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collect_all_of_Ernest_Bells_book_non-book_works_and_make_them_easily_accessible_to_everyone\"><\/span>Collect all of Ernest Bell\u2019s book & non-book works and make them easily accessible to everyone.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Collect_the_literature_of_vegetarianism_and_all_the_other_humanitarian_movements_in_which_Ernest_Bell_was_so_deeply_involved\"><\/span>Collect the literature of vegetarianism and all the other humanitarian movements in which Ernest Bell was so deeply involved.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Assist_students_and_scholars_in_their_research\"><\/span>Assist students and scholars in their research.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduce_all_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_including_his_writings_campaign_work_influences_and_his_circle_of_friends\"><\/span>Introduce all aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life, including his writings, campaign work, influences and his circle of friends.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Undertake_our_own_research_into_missing_aspects_of_Ernest_Bells_life_and_work\"><\/span>Undertake our own research into missing aspects of Ernest Bell\u2019s life and work.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_already_have_more_than_300_pieces_of_Ernest_Bells_own_writings\"><\/span>We already have more than 300 pieces of Ernest Bell\u2019s own writings.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_have_a_passion_for_sharing_excellent_quality_vegan_articles_items_%E2%80%93_making_them_easily_available_to_21st_C_folk\"><\/span>We have\u00a0a passion for sharing excellent quality vegan articles \/ items \u2013 making them easily available to 21st C folk.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Most_early_books_magazines_on_veganism_were_originally_only_published_in_the_hundreds_or_in_the_low-thousands_of_copies\"><\/span>Most early books & magazines on veganism were originally only published in the hundreds or in the low-thousands of copies.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wars_weather_insects_careless_humans_etc_have_combined_to_make_many_of_them_very_hard_to_find\"><\/span>Wars, weather, insects, careless humans, etc. have combined to make many of them very hard to find.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_are_actively_building_a_collection_of_examples_of_promotional_material_campaign_material_fundraising_marketing_activities_etc_%E2%80%93_related_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span>We are actively building a collection of examples of promotional material, campaign material, fundraising & marketing activities etc. \u2013 related to: \u2013<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_products\"><\/span>veg(etari)an\u00a0products.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_books_other_publications\"><\/span>veg(etari)an books & other publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_organizations\"><\/span>veg(etari)an\u00a0organizations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetarian_businesses\"><\/span>veg(etari)an\u00a0businesses.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"animal_rights_organisations\"><\/span>animal rights organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"animal_rights_publications\"><\/span>animal rights publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarian_organisations\"><\/span>humanitarian organisations.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarian_publications\"><\/span>humanitarian publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"rambling_clubs_run_by_members_of_the_above_groups_related_publications\"><\/span>rambling clubs run by members of the above groups & related publications.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"the_work_of_Richard_St_Barbe_Baker_the_%E2%80%98Men_of_the_Trees_organization_its_many_sub-branches\"><\/span>the work of Richard St. Barbe Baker & the \u2018Men of the Trees\u2019 organization & its many sub-branches.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"There_are_currently_more_than_2800_items_in_the_Ernest_Bell_Library\"><\/span>There are currently more than 2,800 items in the Ernest Bell Library.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"We_will_complete_the_cataloging_of_the_collection_as_when_adequate_funds_are_available\"><\/span>We will complete the\u00a0cataloging of the collection as & when adequate funds are available.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"It_is_long_past_time_for_the_library_to_go_online\"><\/span>It is long past time for the library to go online!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_%E2%80%9CI_have_little_doubt_that_the_proposal_for_the_establishment_of_an_Ernest_Bell_Library_which_would_specialize_in_humanitarian_and_progressive_literature_and_so_form_a_sort_of_centre_for_students_will_meet_with_a_wide_response%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><strong>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u201cI have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library,\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature,\u00a0<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><strong>nd so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response.\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Henry S. Salt \u2013 <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/remembering-vegetarian-pioneers-henry-s-salt-ernest-bell\/\" style=\"color: #0000ff;\" title=\"Sir, From the letters that have reached us, I have little doubt that the proposal for the establishment of an Ernest Bell Library, which would specialize in humanitarian and progressive literature, and so form a sort of centre for students, will meet with a wide response. I would now suggest that it would be a most helpful step if individuals who favour this idea would lend their names to strengthen the appeal that will have to be made to some Public Institution for the use of a room, and if Societies and Journals would also express their agreement. Such a Memorial would be so personally suitable, in view of Mr. Bell\u2019s many and long continued services, and so valuable to the cause of humane progress in general, that it is difficult to see how any objection could be made to it: the sole question is whether the initial difficulties can be overcome. I trust all friends of the humanitarian cause will lend their aid. HENRY S. SALT\" target=\"_blank\">writing<\/a><\/span> in September 1934<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_anyone_would_like_more_information_please_send_an_email_to_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>If anyone would like more information, please send an email to:\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"humanitarianleague_at_outlook_dot_com\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">humanitarianleague<\/span> (at) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">outlook<\/span> (dot) <span style=\"color: #800080;\">com<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_or_message_me_through_HappyCow_%E2%80%93\"><\/span><strong>– or message me \u00a0through<span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u00a0HappyCow<\/span>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"https_wwwhappycownetblogauthorJohnnySensible_%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><strong><a title=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/author\/JohnnySensible\/<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis.jpg\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10408 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis.jpg\" alt=\"TweetThis\" width=\"577\" height=\"133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis.jpg 577w, https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/TweetThis-300x69.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 577px) 100vw, 577px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"If_you_are_a_Tweeter_please_consider_sending_this_post_out_to_your_friends\"><\/span><strong>If you are a Tweeter, please consider sending this post out to your friends.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thank_you\"><\/span><strong>Thank you!\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here we reflect on some of our favorite early vegans (…..and aspiring vegans), and some of their writings \/ publications, where they discuss 100% perfectly consistent vegetable diets. Definitions of old terms are in green\u00a0– debate welcomed! We also share some special items from\u00a0our Ernest Bell Library. . 1886 Henry S. Salt – in his essay\u00a0Food Reform –\u00a0Published: Westminster Review, October 1886 “To Sylvester Graham, above all others, should perhaps be given the place of honour in the annals of vegetarian literature; for his ‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ form the text-book from which the advocates of the reformed diet derive their most powerful arguments.”\u00a0 reformed diet\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a diet of vegetable food In the same essay Henry S. Salt himself clearly proposes full veganism. “The moderate use of eggs, milk, butter, cheese, and, some think, even of fish, is not necessarily censurable, and often furnishes a modus vivendi to would-be vegetarians, who cannot see their way all at once to the adoption of a perfectly consistent diet.” modus vivendi\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a Latin phrase signifying a\u00a0temporary state of living with conflicting values – intended to be eventually replaced by a more substantial and thorough solution. consistent – an adjective = (of an […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9728,"featured_media":12365,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,2274,2275],"tags":[2081,1853,1402,2084,1152,2088,2085,2082,1107,1262,2083,2086,2087,1260,1923,1144],"class_list":["post-12347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","category-vegan-history","category-vegetarian-history","tag-anna-bonus-kingsford","tag-anna-kingsford","tag-asenath-nicholson","tag-dietetic-reformer","tag-ernest-bell-library","tag-essays-on-diet","tag-frances-newman","tag-francis-w-newman","tag-henry-s-salt","tag-joel-shew","tag-lectures-on-the-science-of-human-life","tag-norman-nicholson","tag-roswell-goss","tag-sylvester-graham","tag-vegetarian-messenger","tag-william-horsell"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Veganism - A Life Containing No Logical Contradictions - HappyCow<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Veganism - A Life Containing No Logical Contradictions - HappyCow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Here we reflect on some of our favorite early vegans (…..and aspiring vegans), and some of their writings \/ publications, where they discuss 100% perfectly consistent vegetable diets. Definitions of old terms are in green\u00a0– debate welcomed! We also share some special items from\u00a0our Ernest Bell Library. . 1886 Henry S. Salt – in his essay\u00a0Food Reform –\u00a0Published: Westminster Review, October 1886 “To Sylvester Graham, above all others, should perhaps be given the place of honour in the annals of vegetarian literature; for his ‘Lectures on the Science of Human Life’ form the text-book from which the advocates of the reformed diet derive their most powerful arguments.”\u00a0 reformed diet\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a diet of vegetable food In the same essay Henry S. 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Salt himself clearly proposes full veganism. “The moderate use of eggs, milk, butter, cheese, and, some think, even of fish, is not necessarily censurable, and often furnishes a modus vivendi to would-be vegetarians, who cannot see their way all at once to the adoption of a perfectly consistent diet.” modus vivendi\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0a Latin phrase signifying a\u00a0temporary state of living with conflicting values – intended to be eventually replaced by a more substantial and thorough solution. consistent – an adjective = (of an […]","og_url":"http:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/","og_site_name":"HappyCow","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HappyCow","article_published_time":"2015-03-09T18:07:20+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-07-24T10:22:10+00:00","og_image":[{"width":581,"height":217,"url":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/1872-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"John Edmundson","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@happycow","twitter_site":"@happycow","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"John Edmundson","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/"},"author":{"name":"John Edmundson","@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/82520fa57a466fbf415c30cbffffec7a"},"headline":"Veganism – A Life Containing No Logical Contradictions","datePublished":"2015-03-09T18:07:20+00:00","dateModified":"2016-07-24T10:22:10+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/"},"wordCount":1509,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/veganism-a-life-containing-no-logical-contradictions\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.happycow.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/1872-1.jpg","keywords":["Anna Bonus Kingsford","Anna Kingsford","asenath nicholson","Dietetic Reformer","Ernest Bell Library","Essays on Diet","Frances Newman","Francis W. 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